Tools & Materials

Some advice and gudiance on tools, materials and kit to make great models

Scale Modeling Tools and Materials by Experience Level

Scale modeling is a hobby that can be enjoyed at any level of expertise, from beginners building their first kit to master modelers creating museum-quality pieces. The tools and materials you'll need depend on your experience level and the complexity of your projects.

This guide outlines recommended tools and materials for different skill levels, from essential items every modeler needs to specialised equipment for advanced techniques. As you progress in the hobby, you can gradually expand your toolkit and experiment with more sophisticated materials.

Modeler Experience Levels

Beginner Modeler ENTRY

  • New to the hobby (0-1 year experience)
  • Building straight from the box with minimal modifications
  • Learning basic assembly and painting techniques
  • Working with snap-fit or basic glue kits
  • Primary focus on completing models successfully

Intermediate Modeler DEVELOPING

  • Some experience (1-3 years in the hobby)
  • Adding basic detailing and modifications
  • Comfortable with fundamental techniques
  • Beginning to use airbrushing and weathering
  • Creating more realistic finishes and details

Advanced Modeler SKILLED

  • Experienced (3-10 years in the hobby)
  • Creating significant modifications and scratch-built elements
  • Mastering complex painting and weathering techniques
  • Working with photoetch, resin, and aftermarket parts
  • Creating realistic dioramas and scenes

Expert Modeler MASTER

  • Master level skills (10+ years experience)
  • Creating complex scratch-builds and conversions
  • Developing unique techniques and approaches
  • Competition-level quality and attention to detail
  • May teach workshops or publish modeling guides

Essential Tools and Materials

Basic Construction Tools BEGINNER

  • Plastic cement/glue (Testors, Tamiya, etc.)
  • Hobby knife with #11 blades
  • Sprue cutters/nippers
  • Tweezers (straight and curved)
  • Small scissors
  • Needle files (flat, round, triangular)
  • Sandpaper/sanding sticks (various grits)
  • Cutting mat
  • Plastic or metal ruler
  • Small clamps or clothespins

Basic Painting Supplies BEGINNER

  • Acrylic model paints (Tamiya, Vallejo, etc.)
  • Synthetic brushes (sizes 000, 0, 1, 3)
  • Brush cleaner
  • Paint mixing trays or palette
  • Primer (gray, white, or black)
  • Paint thinner/water
  • Paint stirrers
  • Paint handle or alligator clips with stand
  • Masking tape (Tamiya or similar)
  • Toothpicks for applying small amounts of glue

Surface Preparation BEGINNER

  • Putty for filling seams (Tamiya, Squadron, Milliput)
  • Wet-dry sandpaper (400-2000 grit)
  • Sanding sponges/blocks
  • Polishing cloths
  • Isopropyl alcohol for cleaning
  • Cotton swabs
  • Microfiber cloths
  • Plastic scribing tool
  • Degreaser for parts cleaning
  • Dust removal tools (soft brush, compressed air)

Workspace Essentials BEGINNER

  • Good lighting (daylight LED preferred)
  • Magnifying glass or visor
  • Comfortable work surface
  • Storage containers for parts
  • Parts bins or organizer
  • Project storage solutions
  • Plastic sheet protectors for instructions
  • Paint rack or organizer
  • Tool holder or organizer
  • Protective covering for work surface

Intermediate Tools and Materials

Intermediate Construction Tools INTERMEDIATE

  • Pin vise and micro drill bits
  • Precision saws (razor, jeweler's)
  • Scribing tools and guides
  • Rivet making tools
  • Micro chisels
  • Metal straight edge
  • Digital calipers
  • Precision tweezers set
  • Adhesives variety (CA glue, white glue, epoxy)
  • Quick-set accelerator for CA glue

Airbrush Equipment INTERMEDIATE

  • Basic airbrush (dual-action, gravity feed)
  • Small compressor with moisture trap
  • Airbrush cleaning pot
  • Airbrush cleaning brushes/tools
  • Airbrush thinner
  • Airbrush cleaner
  • Spray booth with extraction fan
  • Respirator mask (appropriate for paints used)
  • Paint mixer (manual or electric)
  • Frisket film or liquid mask

Intermediate Painting & Finishing INTERMEDIATE

  • Weathering products (washes, filters, pigments)
  • Clear coats (gloss, satin, matte)
  • Oil paints for washes and effects
  • Enamel washes
  • Weathering brushes (stippling, dry brushing)
  • Decal setting and softening solutions
  • Metallic waxes/powders
  • Chipping fluids
  • Micro-brushes for detail work
  • Wet palette for acrylics

Intermediate Detailing INTERMEDIATE

  • Photo-etch bending tools
  • Self-healing cutting mat
  • Brass and metal wire (various gauges)
  • Plastic rod, tube, and strip stock
  • Aftermarket decals
  • Basic photoetch parts
  • Stretched sprue maker
  • Panel line accent colors
  • Masking materials (liquid mask, putty)
  • Scale measuring tools

Advanced Tools and Materials

Advanced Construction Tools ADVANCED

  • Micro motor tool (Dremel or similar)
  • Ultrasonic cleaner for parts
  • Precision soldering equipment
  • Circle cutter
  • Razor saw set with mitre box
  • Punch and die sets
  • Heat forming tools
  • Chopper for precise straight cuts
  • Engine turning tools
  • Resin casting equipment

Advanced Airbrush Equipment ADVANCED

  • High-end airbrush with fine needle/nozzle
  • Multiple airbrushes for different tasks
  • Upgraded compressor with tank
  • Advanced spray booth with water trap
  • Custom airbrush stencils
  • Quick disconnects for multiple airbrushes
  • Pressure regulators for fine control
  • Professional airbrush holder station
  • Paint pressure pot for large applications
  • Airbrush cleaning station with ultrasonic

Advanced Finishing ADVANCED

  • Two-part automotive paints
  • Special effect paints (color-shift, chrome)
  • Custom mixture lacquers
  • Specialised weathering products
  • Pigment fixers and application tools
  • Salt weathering supplies
  • Hairspray chipping medium
  • Professional buffing compounds
  • Metal polishes for bare metal effects
  • Advanced masking systems

Advanced Detailing ADVANCED

  • Complete photoetch tool set
  • Rivet making templates
  • Machined metal parts replacement
  • Turned metal barrels
  • 3D printed custom parts
  • Complex photoetch brass sets
  • Specialised adhesives for different materials
  • Resin aftermarket detail sets
  • Fiber optics lighting materials
  • Wire mesh for grilles and screens

Expert/Professional Tools and Materials

Expert Construction EXPERT

  • Milling machine (desktop)
  • 3D printer for custom parts
  • Lathe for turning custom parts
  • Vacuum forming equipment
  • CNC equipment
  • Specialised equipment for large-scale models
  • Studio-quality photography setup
  • Laser cutting equipment
  • Customised tools for specialised techniques
  • Professional-grade work station

Expert Finishing EXPERT

  • Professional spray booth system
  • Custom paint mixing system
  • Spectrophotometer for color matching
  • Professional airbrush collection
  • Custom weathering materials
  • Specialised aging and environmental effects
  • High-end clear coats and finishes
  • Commercial finishing supplies
  • Advanced metal finishing systems
  • Professional polishing and buffing system

Expert Lighting and Animation EXPERT

  • Micro LED lighting systems
  • Fiber optic lighting kits
  • Programmable lighting controllers
  • SMD soldering equipment
  • Motorization components
  • Sound modules
  • Remote control components
  • Arduino/microcontroller programming
  • Special effects generators (smoke, etc.)
  • Power management systems

Expert Diorama Materials EXPERT

  • Custom groundwork materials
  • Specialised water effect materials
  • Advanced structure building supplies
  • Specialised terrain sculpting tools
  • Custom foliage and vegetation
  • Professional-grade scenic materials
  • Environmental effect generators
  • Scale-specific architectural materials
  • Specialty lighting for dioramas
  • High-end figure painting supplies

Tips for Building Your Toolkit

  • Start with the basics and add tools as your skills develop and specific needs arise
  • Invest in quality for frequently used tools - especially cutting tools, brushes, and your airbrush
  • Organize your workspace with dedicated areas for different activities (construction, painting, etc.)
  • Protect your health with proper ventilation, dust collection, and appropriate masks/safety equipment
  • Learn proper techniques for your tools through tutorials, books, and workshops
  • Store materials properly according to manufacturer recommendations to extend their useful life
  • Consider multi-purpose tools when starting out to maximize your budget
  • Join modeling clubs or forums to get advice on the best tools for specific applications